Muscle atrophy, a reduction of muscle mass, strength, and volume, results from reduced muscle use and plays a key role in various\nmuscular diseases. In the microgravity environment of space especially,muscle atrophy is induced by muscle inactivity. Exposure to\nmicrogravity induces muscle atrophy through several biological effects, including associations with reactive oxygen species (ROS).\nThis study used 3D-clinostat to investigate muscle atrophy caused by oxidative stress in vitro, and sciatic denervation was used to\ninvestigate muscle atrophy in vivo.We assessed the effect of Oenothera odorata root extract (EVP) on muscle atrophy. EVP helped\nrecover cell viability in C2C12 myoblasts exposed to microgravity for 24 h and delayed muscle atrophy in sciatic denervated mice.\nHowever, the expressions of HSP70, SOD1, and ceramide in microgravity-exposed C2C12myoblasts and in sciatic denervated mice\nwere either decreased or completely inhibited.These results suggested that EVP can be expected to have a positive effect on muscle\natrophy by disuse and microgravity. In addition, EVP helped characterize the antioxidant function in muscle atrophy.
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